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Female cystitis

Cystitis is an inflammatory process localized in the bladder. Along with it, inflammation of the urethra develops, or urethritis.

The characteristic features of cystitis are:

  • The residual sensation of burning and rubber at the very end and immediately after the act of urination
  • Painful urination
  • Pain syndrome localized in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region
  • Urine incontinence is possible
  • Change of urine color (bloody or muddy)
  • Increased body temperature up to fever
  • Deterioration of overall well -being.

The causes of the disease

The factors provoking cystitis serve:

Cystitis

Infectious factor:

  • It is represented by an E. coli, streptococci and/or staphylococci, in view of the close location of the anus and urethra (in women);
  • Sexual infections (ureaplasma and mycoplasma);
  • Instrumental intervention or the introduction of infection in the urethra or bladder (most often microorganisms with gram-negative cell wall);
  • Fungi, chlamydia, viruses;
  • Inflammation in the genitourinary organs of a man (seed bubbles, appendages of the testicles, etc. );
  • Tumor formations;
  • Anatomical deviations;
  • Allergy to care products (vaginal deodorants, colored toilet paper, talc, all kinds of perfume soap);
  • Rare urination (characteristic of the elderly).

Diagnostics

The following laboratory methods are used to diagnose the disease:

  • A blood test (general) shows changes, among which there is a moderate inflammatory process
  • Analysis of urine (general) displays color changes due to the presence of uric acid, leukocytes, red blood cells, protein, and in some cases there is a fetid smell
  • Analysis of urine by Nechiporenko allows you to investigate the organs of the genitourinary system and their condition by calculating the number of leukocytes, red blood cells and cylinders in the urine. The results of the study are affected by the correctness of the material of the material, and the patient compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
  • Pathogenic microflora can be detected with an increased amount of nitrates in the urine, detected using an indicator strip
  • The presence of pus in the urine is detected by means of a leukocyte EST reaction.

In addition to laboratory diagnostics for the detection of cystitis, instrumental methods are carried out, the most common of them are Cytoscape, biopsy, ultrasound, diagnosis of STD/STPP and others.

Complications

With a non -radical nature of treatment, cystitis can not only go into a chronic form, but also complicate with diseases such as:

  • a state in which the kidney function is disturbed - the volume of the released urine is reduced

  • Inflammation extends to the mucous membrane and into the muscle layer of the kidney, which is replaced by a result of cicatricial tissue, which leads to a decrease in the size of the kidney and elasticity of its capsule.

  • PMR - damage to the structures of valves, as a result of which urine is revealed to the outflow - back into the kidney. At the same time, the localization of infection in the urinary system is preserved and the chronic form of pyelonephritis, scarring of renal tissue and a complete impaired kidney functioning occur.

Treatment of the disease

The therapy of the disease is based on the elimination of microbial inflammation-the root cause of cystitis, which often occurs due to a weakened immune status. Therefore, treatment of pathology involves the use of the following groups of drugs:

  • Anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Antibacterial drugs
  • Immunomodulators.

Risk group

The risk group is a weakened immunity, HIV-infected and pregnant women.

Prevention

Cystitis prevention measures serve:

  • Lack of hypothermia
  • Examination of a gynecologist every six months for STD/SPPP
  • Strict observance of hygiene, especially during sexual contact
  • Rejection of narrow (thongs) and synthetic underwear
  • Caring for enough lubrication during intimacy
  • Proper food diet
  • Prevention of constipation
  • Strengthening immunity.

Diet and lifestyle

In the manifestation of signs of pathology, it is necessary to limit the use of solid food, replace it with broth, yogurts, mashed potatoes and a large volume of liquid. After a decline in acute symptoms, a gradual introduction to the diet of solid foods is allowed - from grain, nuts and legumes. A variety of freshly squeezed juices (both vegetable and fruit) are useful for the body.

When fever, bed rest should be observed, compresses and warm baths should be used. You can eliminate stagnant phenomena using cold compresses.